Lithium hydride 氢化锂

规格: 97%(100 mesh)
CAS: 7580-67-8
产品编号: H39770
MDL: MFCD00011074
品牌: INFI

简介

氢化锂, 氢化铝锂,硼氢化钠,三乙基硼氢化锂(Super Hydride)/钠/钾 ,三仲丁基硼氢化锂( L-Selectride)/钠/钾(K-Selectride),Lithium Trisiamylborohydride (LiBSia3H) 60217-34-7, 三叔丁氧基氢化铝锂,77299-63-9 Lithium diisobutyl-tert-butoxyaluminum hydride solution,Diisobutylaluminum hydride, DIBAL,硼烷四氢呋喃,氨基硼烷等,  金属氢化物,作为还原剂和负氢离子的来源,广泛用于无机和有机合成中,以及作为储氢材料应用到日常生产生活中。金属氢化物还原剂,可以还原取代卤代物到烷烃,醛酮环氧亚胺等到醇或胺,羧酸衍生物如酯,腈及其他衍生物到特别是某些烃基取代的金属化合物,具有反应条件温和,副反应少以及产率高的优点,体现出较好的化学选择性和立体 选择性。在复杂的天然产物,药物分子的合成中,较之其他还原法显示出更多的优点。

应用举例

1. 还原卤代物等到相应的烷烃(反应式A,B),并且氘代实验表明,该还原反应经过明确的SN2取代机理(反应式B)。另外,OTs,OMs等取代基也能被还原。

2. 还原环氧到醇,在如下例中,三乙基硼氢化锂比的四氢铝锂的选择性要高很多。


3. 选择性还原醛酮到相应的醇。在α-环己酮的还原中,以很高的选择性的得到顺势的产品(反应式D);并且在醛和酮同时存在的情况下,可以优先还原醛到相应的一级醇(反应式E)。其中,Lithium trisiamylborohydride (LiBSia3H)表现出更好的选择性,以其他取代的环己酮为例,各氢化物还原总结如表一。

4. 选择性的还原羧酸及其衍生物。可以在有其他可被还原的基团存在下,选择性的还原酯基。

5.其他用途。氢化物也可以转移负氢离子到其他的过度金属有机化合物上,形成新的M-H化合物,选择性的脱除甲基。

参考文献

Lithium Triethyllborohydride,Marek Zaidlewicz,Herbert C. Brown, Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis,2001

Krishnamutthy, S. Schubert R.M Brown, H, C, J., Am Chem. Soc 1973, 95, 8486

JACS, 1973

Chemical NameLithium hydride
Synonym Hydrure de lithium LITHIUM HYDRIDE LITHIUM HYDRIDE 98% & LITHIUM HYDRIDE , -30 MESH LITHIUM HYDRIDE, PIECES LITHIUM HYDRIDE, POWDER LITHIUM HYDRIDE, POWDER, -30 MESH, 95% LiH Lithium Hydride {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} { {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} { {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} { {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} { {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {}
CAS Number7580-67-8
EC Number231-484-3
Beilstein Registry Number2384789
MDL Number-
PubChem Substance ID62714
Merck Number14,5533
Chemical Name Translation氢化锂
Wiswesser Line NotationLI H
InChIInChI=1S/Li.H/q+1;-1
Canonical SMILES-
GHS Symbol
TYPE OF TEST            : LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 10 mg/m3/4H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - cough
REFERENCE :
   AMIHAB AMA Archives of Industrial Health.  (Chicago, IL)  V.11-21, 1955-60.
   For publisher information, see AEHLAU.  Volume(issue)/page/year: 14,468,1956

Signal word
WGK Germany2
Safety Statements
  • S26 In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice 眼睛接触后,立即用大量水冲洗并征求医生意见;
  • S27 Take off immediately all contaminated clothing 立即脱掉全部污染的衣服;
  • S36/37/39 Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection 穿戴适当的防护服、手套和眼睛/面保护;
  • S16 Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking 远离火源,禁止吸烟;
    Risk Statements
    • R34 Causes burns 会导致灼伤
    • R25 Toxic if swallowed 吞咽有毒
    • R14/15 Reacts violently with water, liberating extremely flammable gases 遇水剧烈反应,释放出高度可燃气体
      Precautionary statements
      • P201 Obtain special instructions before use. 使用前获取专门指示。
      • P202 Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood. 已阅读并理解所有的安全预防措施之前,切勿操作。
      • P223 Keep away from any possible contact with water, because of violent reaction and possible flash fire. 远离任何与水接触的可能,因为会剧烈反应可能产生闪火。
      • P231+P232
      • P260 Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. 不要吸入粉尘/烟/气体/烟雾/蒸汽/喷雾。
      • P261 Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. 避免吸入粉尘/烟/气体/烟雾/蒸汽/喷雾。
      • P264 Wash hands thoroughly after handling. 处理后要彻底洗净双手。
      • P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. 使用本产品时不要吃东西,喝水或吸烟。
      • P271 Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.? 只能在室外或通风良好的地方使用。
      • P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. 戴防护手套/防护服/眼睛的保护物/面部保护物。
      • P281 Use personal protective equipment as required. 使用所需的个人防护装备。
      • P301+P310
      • P301+P330+P331
      • P303+P361+P353
      • P304+P340
      • P305+P351+P338
      • P307+P311
      • P308+P313
      • P309+P311
      • P310 Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. 立即呼救解毒中心或医生/医师。
      • P311 Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. 呼叫解毒中心或医生/医师。
      • P321 Specific treatment (see … on this label). 具体治疗(见本标签上的)。
      • P330 Rinse mouth. 漱口
      • P335+P334
      • P363 Wash contaminated clothing before reuse. 被污染的衣服洗净后方可重新使用。
      • P370+P378
      • P402+P404
      • P403+P233
      • P405 Store locked up. 上锁保管。
      • P422 Store contents under… 存储目录在…之下。
      • P501 Dispose of contents/container to..… 处理内容物/容器.....
        Hazard statements
        • H260 In contact with water releases flammable gases which may ignite spontaneously 与水接触时释放可燃气体,可自燃。
        • H301 Toxic if swallowed 吞食有毒
        • H314 Causes severe skin burns and eye damage 导致严重的皮肤灼伤和眼睛损伤
          Personal Protective Equipment Eyeshields, Faceshields, full-face particle respirator type N100 (US), Gloves, respirator cartridge type N100 (US), type P1 (EN143) respirator filter, type P3 (EN 143) respirator cartridges
          RTECSOJ6300000
          Packing GroupI
          UN Number 1414/2805
          Storage condition 20 Air & Moisture Sensitive Moisture Sensitive water-free area 充氩保存 对湿度敏感
          Hazard Codes F,T F;T;C
          Hazard Class4.3
          Warnings 危化品目录(2015)
          Restrict 危险品
        • 在有机合成中,用作缩合剂、还原剂、烷基化试剂、克莱逊氏试剂,也可用作干燥剂。
        • {uni_hamburg} Short: III/24C
        • {uni_hamburg} Short: II/24A
        • {uni_hamburg} Short: III/14a
        • {ALF} A procedure for activation involves treatment with TMS chloride and a catalytic amount of Zn or a Zn salt. This reagent will reduce a ketone to the TMS ether of the alcohol: J. Org. Chem., 59, 217 (1994).
        • {ALF} Used for preparation of anhydrous Li salts of carboxylic acids prior to reaction with organothium reagents (most often methyl or phenyl) as a useful route to ketones. For a comprehensive review of this method, see: Org. React., 18, 1 (1970). For an example (cyclohexyl methyl ketone), see: Org. Synth. Coll., 5, 775 (1973).
        • {ALF} For preparation of LiCN by reaction with acetone cyanohydrin, see: Org. Synth. Coll., 7, 517 (1990).
        • {ALD} Merck: 14,5533
        • 7580-67-8 H39770 Lithium hydride
氢化锂

          化学属性

          Mol. FormulaLiH
          Mol. Weight7.95
          Density0.82
          Melting Point680
          TSCAYes
          Solubility起反应
          Stability对空气和湿度敏感
          Appearance powder
          Boiling Point-
          Flash Point-

          *以上化合物性质及应用等信息仅供参考